{"id":12049,"date":"2024-01-26T21:01:29","date_gmt":"2024-01-26T21:01:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.paulo.com\/?post_type=resources&#038;p=12049"},"modified":"2024-01-26T21:01:34","modified_gmt":"2024-01-26T21:01:34","slug":"how-much-distortion-to-expect-in-heat-treating","status":"publish","type":"resources","link":"https:\/\/www.paulo.com\/es\/resources\/cuanta-distorsion-cabe-esperar-en-el-tratamiento-termico-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Cu\u00e1nta distorsi\u00f3n cabe esperar en el tratamiento t\u00e9rmico"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La distorsi\u00f3n es una verdad inevitable en el tratamiento t\u00e9rmico, que puede causar problemas importantes al preparar las piezas para el servicio. Mantener la precisi\u00f3n dimensional es esencial, especialmente en el caso de componentes de misi\u00f3n cr\u00edtica y de seguridad cr\u00edtica con las tolerancias m\u00e1s estrictas. En Paulo, predecir con precisi\u00f3n las causas y las formas en que se distorsionan las piezas se ha convertido en una parte importante de nuestro proceso.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La pregunta n\u00famero uno que nos hacen los clientes es: \"\u00bfCu\u00e1nta distorsi\u00f3n puedo esperar en mis piezas?\". Predecir y limitar la distorsi\u00f3n es vital para garantizar la correcta funcionalidad de sus piezas y <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paulo.com\/es\/resources\/guide-to-crack-risk-management-in-tooling-and-beyond\/\">reducir el riesgo de grietas<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para ayudar a arrojar luz sobre este tema, hemos creado esta gu\u00eda r\u00e1pida sobre c\u00f3mo se calcula y predice la distorsi\u00f3n, junto con los ajustes clave que se pueden hacer si est\u00e1 viendo demasiada distorsi\u00f3n en sus piezas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comprender la distorsi\u00f3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Antes de entrar en c\u00f3mo se calcula la distorsi\u00f3n, es importante entender c\u00f3mo funciona y por qu\u00e9 se produce. La distorsi\u00f3n en el tratamiento t\u00e9rmico es un subproducto de las transformaciones f\u00edsicas y metal\u00fargicas de los materiales cuando se exponen a ciclos controlados de calentamiento y enfriamiento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El aumento de calor hace que una pieza se expanda. La reducci\u00f3n de la temperatura ralentizar\u00e1 el ritmo de expansi\u00f3n y acabar\u00e1 provocando una contracci\u00f3n. La superficie de una pieza se enfr\u00eda mucho m\u00e1s r\u00e1pido que el n\u00facleo, lo que provoca una velocidad de enfriamiento desigual. Esto tambi\u00e9n significa que la superficie se transforma primero en martensita y se endurece, mientras que el interior de la pieza sigue a una temperatura m\u00e1s alta en la que a\u00fan no se ha producido la transformaci\u00f3n. Este retraso en la transformaci\u00f3n interna provoca lo que se conoce como \"efecto globo\". El n\u00facleo se expande y empuja hacia fuera la superficie externa endurecida, creando una deformaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/vt-dl63NHiiPegtBq941e5gS_mGAxkFZFsVP-41jzq5WC5Be0KQsFwrhyacNUjIeBdqEf3LLkORDacpOGS7ROrSF5HX0x83CAsZnLFmosPXlitVPwm4RoBwBO2McyPSkcIecADQTRgbxWwaJtDVvDhk\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Predecir el cambio de tama\u00f1o y forma<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Todas las piezas tratadas t\u00e9rmicamente sufrir\u00e1n cierto grado de \"abombamiento\" y distorsi\u00f3n, pero hay formas de predecir cu\u00e1nto se deformar\u00e1n. Saber c\u00f3mo cambiar\u00e1n sus piezas durante el tratamiento t\u00e9rmico le permite tener en cuenta ese cambio en el dise\u00f1o de la pieza y, en un mundo perfecto, evitar una ronda adicional de mecanizado despu\u00e9s del tratamiento t\u00e9rmico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Los siguientes gr\u00e1ficos muestran c\u00f3mo reaccionan determinadas geometr\u00edas al tratamiento t\u00e9rmico y c\u00f3mo la selecci\u00f3n del material, la geometr\u00eda de la pieza, el proceso de tratamiento t\u00e9rmico y la severidad del enfriamiento influyen en los cambios que pueden sufrir las piezas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/LpLC7auH_PcmwXC0tKPh9oWk8xHOQ4FJ04_ByfI4yEM8y1qEV2W6X1iJ057bjuHapQ7CfVeQxwY6pmyC4rKFWobjrD30dGYjkl4vaPyrmq2BugQ-Ql-lFGoE3KQNS2-jcPsjPsQn8pNmcD833XlBoyg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/60-QfNukwyML5FDq3lbstB0n6DROg91K5mCRnO4U07QE9w779d4oim0T-AK3xUwMglSBh2LDOFGsH7NPdu5DfUts_J4QB-4KXEEsj__SqP9Z0SJRQ1wkJUDxndirmw43dwTVVB9MNl4JR6NY0NXjOr4\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El papel del enfriamiento: predecir cu\u00e1nto movimiento se producir\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.paulo.com\/es\/resources\/la-funcion-del-enfriamiento-en-el-tratamiento-termico\/\">Quench<\/a> La severidad es el principal indicador de cu\u00e1nto se deformar\u00e1 su pieza, ya que es el proceso que la enfr\u00eda y provoca la transformaci\u00f3n interna y externa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Los distintos medios de temple -agua, aceite y aire o gas- tienen cada uno su propio perfil de distorsi\u00f3n t\u00edpico. Como puede verse en el gr\u00e1fico siguiente, el aceite es una soluci\u00f3n de temple m\u00e1s severa y puede causar la mayor distorsi\u00f3n (hasta 0,003 pulg.\/pulg.), y el vac\u00edo es una soluci\u00f3n menos severa y muy controlada, con un peque\u00f1o margen de variaci\u00f3n (0,001-0,0015 pulg.\/pulg.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Las piezas fabricadas con materiales de alta templabilidad pueden templarse con un medio de temple menos severo. En cambio, las piezas fabricadas con materiales menos templables necesitan un temple m\u00e1s severo. Por regla general, los medios de temple menos severos dan lugar a una menor distorsi\u00f3n global.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Problemas de distorsi\u00f3n en las piezas actuales<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En el caso de piezas que ya experimentan niveles inaceptables de distorsi\u00f3n, es necesaria una reevaluaci\u00f3n. Esto puede implicar modificar el dise\u00f1o de la pieza, alterar el material, ajustar el ciclo de tratamiento t\u00e9rmico o aplicar medidas correctoras tras el tratamiento t\u00e9rmico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El objetivo del tratamiento t\u00e9rmico debe ser conseguir una forma lo m\u00e1s neta posible, es decir, una pieza que no requiera mecanizado adicional para funcionar correctamente. Trabajar con un tratador t\u00e9rmico experimentado es clave para que la distorsi\u00f3n del producto sea predecible, de modo que el dise\u00f1o de la pieza pueda compensar el movimiento que probablemente se produzca durante el tratamiento t\u00e9rmico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Socios para minimizar la distorsi\u00f3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En Paulo, minimizar la distorsi\u00f3n es un esfuerzo de colaboraci\u00f3n entre nuestro equipo metal\u00fargico y sus equipos de ingenier\u00eda y producto. A trav\u00e9s de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paulo.com\/es\/datos-de-apuestas\/\">datos de apuestas<\/a>Empleamos informaci\u00f3n basada en datos y los conocimientos metal\u00fargicos m\u00e1s avanzados para ayudarle a perfeccionar sus piezas y prepararlas para el tratamiento t\u00e9rmico. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paulo.com\/es\/sobre-nosotros\/contacte-con-nosotros-2\/\">Contacte con un experto en tratamiento t\u00e9rmico<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La distorsi\u00f3n es una verdad inevitable en el tratamiento t\u00e9rmico, que puede causar problemas importantes al preparar las piezas para el servicio. Mantener la precisi\u00f3n dimensional es esencial, especialmente en el caso de componentes de misi\u00f3n y seguridad cr\u00edticas con las tolerancias m\u00e1s estrictas. En Paulo, predecir con precisi\u00f3n las causas y las formas en que se distorsionan las piezas se ha convertido en una parte importante de nuestro proceso.  El n\u00famero ... <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paulo.com\/es\/resources\/cuanta-distorsion-cabe-esperar-en-el-tratamiento-termico-2\/\">Contin\u00faa<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":11809,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"markets":[81,82,122,123,83,124,113,84,126,127,85,128,129,86,87,130,88,131,89,132,133,90],"processes":[114,15,14,115,16,184,116,12,117,9,118,119,92,75,120,121,134,136,137,138,197,135,139,140,186,141,142],"equipment":[143,145,19,146,20,148,17,149,150,151,18,152],"methods":[21,155,22,156,157,158,76,159,160,161,162,163,164,165,166,167,168],"materials":[169,170,171,172,173,174,175,176,177,178,179,180,181,182,183],"parts":[204,27,28,24,205,26,25],"resource-types":[195],"class_list":["post-12049","resources","type-resources","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","markets-aerospace","markets-agriculture","markets-appliances","markets-atv","markets-automotive","markets-construction","markets-defense","markets-firearms","markets-food-beverage","markets-general-hardware","markets-hand-tools","markets-heavy-truck","markets-lawn-and-garden","markets-medical","markets-mining","markets-oil-gas","markets-power-generation","markets-power-tools","markets-railroad","markets-recreational-vehicle","markets-space","markets-tool-die","processes-annealing","processes-austempering","processes-black-oxide-coating","processes-blasting","processes-brazing","processes-carbonitriding","processes-carburizing","processes-case-hardening","processes-cryogenic-deep-freezing","processes-ferritic-nitrocarburizing","processes-flattening-straightening","processes-gas-nitriding","processes-heat-treating","processes-hot-isostatic-pressing","processes-hydrogen-brazing","processes-martempering","processes-metal-finishing","processes-precipitation-hardening","processes-screenprint-brazing","processes-solution-treating","processes-stress-relieving","processes-through-hardening","processes-vacuum-furnace-brazing","processes-vacuum-heat-treating","processes-vacuum-nitriding","processes-zinc-phosphating","processes-zinc-plating","equipment-air-furnace","equipment-continuous-austemper-furnace-salt-quench","equipment-continuous-belt-furnace","equipment-continuous-hydrogen-belt-furnace","equipment-hot-isostatic-press","equipment-integral-quench","equipment-pit-gas-nitrider","equipment-salt-pot-furnace","equipment-tip-up-furnace","equipment-tip-up-nitrider-furnace","equipment-vacuum-furnace","equipment-vacuum-purge-nitriding-furnace","methods-additive-manufacturing","methods-binder-jetting","methods-casting","methods-die-casting","methods-direct-metal-laser-sintering","methods-fineblanking","methods-forging","methods-forming","methods-injection-molding","methods-investment-casting","methods-joining","methods-machining","methods-powder-metallurgy","methods-rolling","methods-sand-casting","methods-stamping","methods-welding","materials-aluminum","materials-carburizing-steels","materials-copper","materials-engineering-alloys","materials-high-carbon-steels","materials-iron","materials-low-carbon-steels","materials-maraging-steels","materials-medium-carbon-steels","materials-nickel-based","materials-specialty-alloy-steels","materials-spring-steels","materials-stainless-steels","materials-titanium","materials-tool-steels","parts-bearing-gears","parts-brake-rotors","parts-clips","parts-fasteners","parts-machined-parts","parts-seat-belt-buckles","parts-metal-stampings"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How Much Distortion to Expect in Heat Treating<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Predict how your parts will change in size and shape, and how much variance to expect in heat treating.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.paulo.com\/es\/resources\/cuanta-distorsion-cabe-esperar-en-el-tratamiento-termico-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How Much Distortion to Expect in Heat Treating\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Predict how your parts will change in size and shape, and how much variance to expect in heat treating.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" 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